Multi-staging the pressure drop of hydrocarbons can result in the formation of hydrates in the intermediate stages of pressure reduction, resulting in the plugging or blocking of the final stages. It should be noted that both (a) and (b) function as strainers and are more susceptible to plugging as a result of solid particles in the flow stream than single-stage orifical-type restrictions. Approaches (a) and (b) can easily be incorporated into cage-style trim fabricated from stacks of discs machined to stage the total pressure drop through a series of circumferential restrictions. Approach (a) utilises a small tortuous path (diameter 0.7) an appreciable reduction in noise can be effected by staging the pressure loss through a series of restrictions to produce the total pressure head loss required.Ĭoncept (b) uses multiple series restrictions to limit the ΔP/P 1 ratio across individual restrictions to optimum operating points and provides a favourable velocity distribution in the expansion area. 19.1 shows four basic approaches to the design of quiet control valves.
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